SAFETY ENGINEERING - SUGGESTIONUNIT-UNIT 2
3rd Year 5th Sem Safety Engineering Unit .2 Important Suggestions
International standards such as ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 provide guidelines for implementing effective SMS. Here are the key elements of a Safety Management System and guidelines from ISO 14001 and ISO 45001:
Key Elements of a Safety Management System:
1. Policy and Leadership:
• Establish a safety policy that outlines the organization's commitment to safety.
• Allocate responsibilities for safety management to specific individuals or teams.
• Demonstrate leadership support for safety initiatives.
2. Planning:
• Identify and assess safety risks and hazards in the workplace.
• Develop objectives and targets for safety improvement.
• Plan actions to address risks, prevent incidents, and achieve safety goals.
3. Implementation:
• Develop and implement safety procedures and protocols.
• Provide necessary resources, including training, equipment, and personnel.
• Establish communication channels for safety information and reporting.
4. Monitoring and Evaluation:
• Monitor safety performance and compliance with safety standards.
• Conduct regular safety audits and inspections.
• Analyze data to identify trends, assess effectiveness, and make improvements
5. Continual Improvement:
Review and revise safety policies and procedures as needed.
• Learn from incidents and near-misses to prevent future occurrences.
• Implement corrective and preventive actions to address identified issues.
Guidelines from ISO 14001 (Environmental Management System):
ISO 14001 focuses on environmental management but can also contribute to safety
management by addressing certain aspects:
1. Risk Assessment:
Identify and assess environmental risks that may have safety implications.
2. Legal Compliance:
Ensure compliance with environmental regulations that may have safety implications.
3. Emergency Preparedness:
Develop plans and procedures to respond to
environmental emergencies that could impact safety.
Guidelines from ISO 45001:2018 (Occupational Health and Safety
Management System):
ISO 45001 provides a comprehensive framework for managing
occupational health and safety:
1. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment:
Systematically identify
hazards and assess associated risks to health and safety.
2. Worker Participation:
Involve workers in safety discussions, decisions, and improvement initiatives.
3. Incident Investigation:
Establish procedures for investigating incidents and near-misses to prevent recurrence.
4. Emergency Preparedness and Response:
Develop plans and procedures
for managing emergencies and ensuring worker safety.
5. Health and Safety Performance Indicators:
Set indicators to measure and
monitor health and safety performance.
Please note that ISO 45001 has replaced OHSAS 18001 and provides a more comprehensive approach to occupational health and safety management. When implementing a Safety Management System based on these guidelines, organizations should tailor their approach to their specific
Requirements and Assessment of PPE:
When implementing PPE, several key steps and considerations are involved:
1. Hazard Assessment:
Identify workplace hazards that require PPE. Conduct a thorough evaluation of tasks, processes, and potential risks.
2. Selection:
Choose appropriate PPE for the identified hazards. Select PPE that provides adequate protection against the specific risks.
3. Fit and Comfort:
PPE should fit properly and be comfortable to wear. Ill-fitting or uncomfortable PPE may discourage its use.
4. Training:
Train employees on the proper use, care, maintenance, and limitations of the
selected PPE.
5. Maintenance and Inspection:
Regularly inspect and maintain PPE to ensure it remains effective. Replace damaged or worn-out equipment.
6. Accessibility:
PPE should be readily available and easily accessible to workers whenever
needed.
Types of PPE:
There are various types of PPE designed to protect different parts of the body. Some common
types of non-respiratory personal protective devices include:
1. Head Protection:
• Hard Hats: Protect the head from falling objects, impact, and electrical hazards.
2. Ear Protection:
• Earplugs: Inserted into the ear canal to reduce noise exposure.
• Earmuffs: Cover the ears to provide protection against loud noises.
3. Face and Eye Protection:
• Safety Glasses: Protect the eyes from impact, dust, and flying particles.
Face Shields: Cover the face to shield against splashes, sparks, and chemical
exposure.
4. Hand Protection:
• Gloves: Designed for various tasks and materials (e.g., chemical-resistant gloves, cut-
resistant gloves, heat-resistant gloves).
5. Feet Protection:
• Safety Shoes/Boots: Provide protection against impact, punctures, electrical hazards,
and slips.
6. Body Protection:
• Coveralls: Full-body suits that protect against
chemical or biological hazards
Worn over clothing to protect against splashes or spills.
• High-Visibility Clothing: Enhances visibility in low-light or high-traffic areas.
Each type of PPE serves a specific purpose and is designed to address particular workplace
hazards. The appropriate choice of PPE depends on the nature of the work, the hazards present, and the level of protection required. It's important to note that PPE should be used in conjunction with other safety measures, such as engineering controls, administrative controls, and proper training. A comprehensive approach to safety involves reducing hazards at their source, minimizing exposure, and using PPE when necessary to provide an extra layer of protection for workers.
